When Yan Yuan finds the concept of classical academy impossible to meet the demand of scholars, or to relieve the society, he motivates a spontaneous reform of the tradit ional education by advocating a comprehensive, and all-inclusive learning, which focuses on combinations of doctrines and skills, righteousness and interest, aiming at transition from idealism to realism. Even though his reform proposals are applicable to the development of Chinese hig her learning, they cannot fulfill the expected transition. Hence, the writer of the paper concludes that a proper social system must be reformed in advance.