The strategy of rejuvenating China through science and education serves as a fundamental and strategic pillar for building a modern socialist country in all respects. It must be implemented in a coordinated manner following the integrated deployment of education, science and technology, and talent development. To thoroughly analyze the core principles of this strategy in the new era, it is essential to adhere to a holistic and synergistic approach that supports modernization efforts, uphold the foundational role of education in nurturing talent, maintain scientific and technological innovation as an inexhaustible driver of development, and recognize talent development as the critical link between education and science. Furthermore, the coordinated advancement of education, science, and talent must be emphasized, with a deep understanding of key theoretical dimensions such as the objectives (goal theory), foundational priorities (essence theory), driving forces (motivation theory), key actors (subject theory), synergy (coordination theory), and safeguards (support theory) of the strategy. To effectively delineate the practical pathways for implementing this strategy in the new era, efforts must focus on six key aspects: political leadership, education prioritization, scientific and technological innovation, talent-driven development, financial investment, and platform construction. By doing so, the strategy of rejuvenating China through science and education will become a vital support and intrinsic requirement for advancing Chinese modernization.