The enactment of The Preschool Education Law of the People’Republic of China marks a significant milestone in the legal framework for preschool education in China. This law establishes a comprehensive institutional framework focused on public welfare and inclusivity, aiming to create an equitable public service system for preschool education that spans both urban and rural areas, driven by a collaboration between government and social entities. The law outlines clear divisions of responsibility between the government and social forces, while regulating the support and supervisory mechanisms for inclusive private kindergartens. It emphasizes age-appropriate, scientifically-based educational practices and sets up a robust system for quality monitoring and evaluation to enhance the overall standard of preschool education. Additionally, the law addresses children’s rights and interests, offering a well-defined framework for dispute resolution that integrates both administrative and judicial approaches. Moving forward, the law’s institutional advantages must be effectively translated into practical outcomes. To achieve this, it is essential to refine the coordination between central and local governments, clarify financial responsibilities and resource allocation, improve dynamic monitoring and quality adjustment mechanisms, strengthen regulation of social forces, and promote equitable distribution of resources and service quality improvements in preschool education.