Xi Jinping’s series statements on education are a theoretical proposition rooted in practical experience, serving as a fundamental guideline for educational reform and innovation in China in the new era. It is a theoretical crystallization of the development of socialist education with Chinese characteristics, underpinned by the Marxist theory of human development and employing dialectical and historical materialism. Integrating China’s unique educational experience, it elucidates the rich connotations and philosophical essence of education theory for the new era. Central to these statements are the “Nine Insistences,” which profoundly reveal the laws governing the development of socialist education with Chinese characteristics, forming the core of contemporary Chinese Marxist educational theory. Nurtured by the century-long experience of the Communist Party of China in leading education and anchored in the transition from a major to a leading educational nation, these statements outline transformative practical requirements for building a strong country in education in the new era. “Adhering to the path of socialist education with Chinese characteristics” is an overarching principle synthesizing educational and theoretical development since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, providing overarching guidance for China’s educational reforms. Xi Jinping’s statements continuously enrich theoretical connotations, manifest the power of truth, and expand ideological perspectives. They represent a significant advancement in the application of Marxist theory to education within the contemporary Chinese context, marking a new pinnacle in the educational theory aligned with socialism with Chinese characteristics.