The evolution of China’s college admission system for more than 70 years is highly complicated, but the uniformity characteristics have not undergone substantial changes. The province-specific quota admission and the admission in tiers embody the idea of combining unified leadership with decentralized management in the college admission system. A scientific application-submitting model is a technical guarantee for the operation of the college entrance examination system. Four mainstream models have been used successively: segmented submission, gradient application submission, college priority parallel application submission, and specialties guiding parallel application submission. The integration mode of multiple admission criteria for the unified admission in China’s universities has been under exploration, which has gone through three stages: giving consideration to political and academic criteria, systematizing and adjusting the preferential policy that awards bonus points in the national college entrance examination, and unified admission based on comprehensive evaluation. A unified admission system is still needed to plan China’s national college admission and ensure fairness. It is also necessary to develop what is valuable and healthy and discard what is not, and properly adjust the tension between uniformity and diversity to make the college entrance examination system more scientific.