河北师范大学学报—

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刊名：河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）Journal of Hebei Normal University (Educational Science Edition)
主办：河北师范大学
ISSN： 1009-413X
CN： 13-1286/G

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美国学前教师工资制度改革的举措和启示

收稿日期： 2023-3-30 PDF 下载 (3)

贺红芳

作者单位： （湖南师范大学教育科学学院，湖南长沙 410081）
起止页码： 118 - 125页
DOI： 10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.ese.2023.06.016

Reform of American Preschool Teachers’ Wage System: Measures and Inspirations

HE Hongfang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

教师工资制度涉及工资水平、工资结构和工资保障等构成要素，是吸引和稳定高素质人才从事教师职业的关键因素。美国学前教师的工资水平较低且内部差异大，教师工资由基本工资和补充工资两部分组成，在保障主体上大多由社区私营机构自主保障。20世纪90年代以来，美国联邦政府和州政府通过立法、设立拨款项目、发放财政补助、制定最低薪酬水平、提供工资补贴等一系列改革措施，着力完善学前教师的工资制度。在借鉴美国改革经验的基础上，可从健全学前教育法律法规、制定最低工资标准、完善工资补充政策、设立专项拨款项目等多种途径入手，以解决我国学前教师工资制度中存在的突出问题。

Abstract：

The wage system of teachers is composed of such elements as wage level, wage structure and wage guarantee etc. It is a key factor to attract highquality talents to engage and settle in the teaching profession. It is found that the wage level of preschool teachers in the United States is low and has great internal differences. The wage of teachers consists of two parts: basic wage and supplementary wage, and most of them are autonomous support by private community institutions. Since the 1990s, the federal and state governments of the United States have adopted a variety of policies to improve the wage system of preschool teachers through a series of reform measures, such as legislation, establishment of funding projects, granting financial subsidies, setting the minimum wage levels, and providing wage subsidies. Learning from the reform experience of the United States, we can solve the prominent problems in the wage system of preschool teachers in China by improving the laws and regulations of preschool education, setting the minimum wage standard, improving the wage subsidy policies, and setting up special appropriation projects.

关键词

关键词： 美国；学前教师；工资制度；工资水平 ;

Key words： the USA ; preschool teachers ; wage system ; wage level ;

参考文献 23

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