期刊信息

  • 刊名: 河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)Journal of Hebei Normal University (Educational Science Edition)
  • 主办: 河北师范大学
  • ISSN: 1009-413X
  • CN: 13-1286/G

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国外0-3岁婴幼儿托育服务供给的经验、问题及启示——以美、英、日为例

收稿日期: 2021-10-31 PDF 下载 (7)
  • 作者单位: (沈阳师范大学 a学前与初等教育学院;b研究生院,辽宁 沈阳 110034)
  • 起止页码: 121 - 128
  •        DOI: 10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.ese.2023.01.016

Child Care Services Supply for 0-3 Years Old Children in the US, the UK and Japan: Experience, Limitations and Reference for China

摘要/Abstract

摘要:

托育服务及其质量不仅对婴幼儿的身心健康发展具有重要影响,而且对提高国民素质,提升家庭幸福以及社会可持续发展具有重要战略意义。美国、英国、日本在0-3岁婴幼儿托育服务制度保障、福利补贴、运营模式以及师资队伍等方面有较成熟经验。但由于“补缺式”供给体制造成托育服务两极分化、“市场化”运营方式导致托育机构质量参差不齐、“性别化”政策规避导致家庭照顾服务失灵、“非正式”托育机构配备导致托育师资质量较低。借鉴美国、英国、日本托育服务的有益探索与实践,我国0-3岁婴幼儿托育服务应加强顶层设计以建立健全托育服务体系,激活市场活力以支持托育服务有效供给,合理规划托育服务资源以满足不同需求,整合学前师资力量以提高托育服务人员水平。

Abstract:

Child care services and their quality not only play an important role in the physical and mental health development of children, but also are of strategic significance in improving the quality of the people, family happiness and social sustainable development. The US, the UK and Japan have relatively mature supplies of child care services for children aged 0-3 in their institutional guarantees, welfare subsidies, operating models and teacher teams. However, the “complementary” supply system leads to the polarization of child care services, the “market-oriented” operation mode leads to uneven quality of child care services, the “gendered” policy avoidance leads to dysfunctional family care services, the “informal” allocation of child care institutions leads to the low quality of teachers. Drawing lessons from the exploration and practice of child care services in these three states, China should strengthen the top-level design of child care services for children aged 0-3 to establish a sound child care service system, activate the market vitality to support the effective supply of child care services, rationally plan child care service resources to meet different needs, and incorporate preschool teacher resources to improve the level of child care service personnel.

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