As an important way to evaluate students in the educational evaluation system, comprehensive quality evaluation is essentially a complete reversal of the rigid unitary evaluation based solely on “academician capacity,” or “scores.” It is a measure to get rid of the “Scores-Only” to ensure the well-rounded development of students in terms of moral grounding, intellectual and physical ability, aesthetic sensibility and work skills. After the “putting-forward of the idea” and the “experimental exploration,” comprehensive quality evaluation in China has come to a stage for “substantial advancement.” In the new era, it has practical implications for the task of moral education, quality education, the selection mechanism and the culture of education and examination. Due to the diversity and “unpredictability” of the content of comprehensive quality evaluation, there are still some difficulties in its further promotion, such as education equality at risk, the restriction of exam-oriented thinking, and the difficulty in the management of the “direct connection with the five qualities.” At present, it is necessary to deepen the reform and improve the technology and methods of comprehensive quality evaluation, and improve the recognition of the results of comprehensive quality evaluation.