期刊信息

  • 刊名: 河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)Journal of Hebei Normal University (Educational Science Edition)
  • 主办: 河北师范大学
  • ISSN: 1009-413X
  • CN: 13-1286/G

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打开边界的工程教育

收稿日期: 2021-10-25 PDF 下载 (17)
  • 作者单位: (北京大学 未来教育与管理中心,北京 100875)
  • 起止页码: 1 - 5
  •        DOI: 10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.ese.2022.01.001

Engineering Education with an Open Boundary

摘要/Abstract

摘要:

COOP教育模式是美国辛辛那提大学1905年提出并实施的,其最显著的特点是本科阶段在企业的工作实践,其基本定位是培养应用型人才。我国现行的工程教育重专业知识传授,轻工程实习和社会实践,很多学校的教学计划都是整齐划一的。在大工业时代,整齐划一的教育也许是合理和有效的,但在今天,社会、产业、岗位都在变,对人的要求也在变。今天的学生最重要的不再是知道什么,而是能否创造性地思维和行动。今天的教育也不再仅仅是传授知识,而是要解放学生的心智,释放学生的内在潜力,要求教育要“因材施教”。COOP教育充分利用企业和社会的教育资源,使较大规模的“因材施教”成为可能。在高等教育普及化时代,大学的确已无法提供“因材施教”的教育,但如果融入社会,这一切都会成为可能。因此,大学要打开学科、学习及学校的边界,以更广阔的视野和胸怀看待今天的教育,充分利用社会蕴藏的丰富教育资源,为学生提供与众不同的学习和成长体验。2013年重庆大学与美国辛辛那提大学合作创办了重庆大学辛辛那提学院,实践表明,当教育模式能够激发学生的学习热情,释放学生的内在潜力时,学生自己就会教育自己,这才是真正的教育。利用社会资源实现的COOP教育模式,在教育规模巨大的中国具有特殊重要的意义。

Abstract:

Coop model for education was put forward and experimented by the University of Cincinnati in 1905. It is distinct as it provides practical work experience in enterprises at the undergraduate level. The practical work experience, oriented to cultivate applied skills with welldefined teaching requirements, is an important part of the university teaching plan. The current engineering education in China pays more attention to the imparting of professional knowledge than engineering practice and social practice. A unified teaching plan is used in many schools. In the age of machinery, a uniform education might be reasonable and effective, but today, society, industry and jobs are changing, and the requirements for people are also changing. What matters most for students today is not what they know, but whether they can think and act creatively. Education today is no longer imparting knowledge only, but to emancipate students’ minds and bring out their potentials, which requires schools to “teach students in accordance with their aptitude.” Making full use of the educational resources from enterprises and the society, Coop education makes it possible to cater to all abilities on a large scale. In the era of mass education, universities are no longer able to provide an individualized education, which would become possible if education is integrated into society. Therefore, universities should open the boundaries between disciplines, schools, and learning, look at education with a broader vision and mind, and provide students with unique learning and growth experiences, making full use of the rich educational resources in society. The enterprise practice of Coop education not only improves students’ professional skills, but also comprehensively improves their basic competence, abilities, independent thinking and capacity for innovation. In 2013, CQUUC Joint Coop Institute was established by Chongqing University and University of Cincinnati. The practice shows that when the education model inspires students’ ardor in learning and brings out their potential, students will educate themselves and we will get the real longawaited education. Coop education, realized by using social resources, is of special significance in China with its huge education scale.