A relatively complete theoretical system on vocational edification was formed during the Republic of China. Vocational edification, in its meaning, is a metaphor which indicates the unconscious course of cultivating students’ vocational feelings, consciousness and competencies to making livings. In its aim, there is the conflict between “preparation for vocation” and “cultivation of life.” In teaching contents, it realizes the integration of acquisition of skills and cultivation of professionalism. In teaching method, it not only has an overall design, but also highlights individual characteristics according to needs. Limitations of vocational edification of that time include the conflict in the two-sided standpoint, speculative research paradigm in method and utilitarian tendency in perception. In the future, vocational edification should be taken as the starting point of career education and be integrated with labor education, and its aim should be developed into “edification via vocations” not just “for vocations.”