期刊信息

  • 刊名: 河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)Journal of Hebei Normal University (Educational Science Edition)
  • 主办: 河北师范大学
  • ISSN: 1009-413X
  • CN: 13-1286/G

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冒名顶替入学的惩戒机制与救济路径

收稿日期: 2020-4-30 PDF 下载 (0)
  • 作者单位: 上海海事大学 法学院,上海 201306
  • 起止页码: 36 - 44
  •        DOI: 10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.ese.2021.04.005

Disciplinary Mechanism and Relief Channels of Impersonation Admission

摘要/Abstract

摘要:

冒名顶替入学现象严重冲击了教育公平与社会公平的底线,应当在立法层面予以规制与打击。在对冒名顶替行为所涉及的制度进行反思与症结作出归纳的基础上,应全面协调整合相关公法与私法,以形成法律体系的整体合力。以公私合作为理念,增设准用性条款,对于危害性与严重性不同的冒名顶替入学案件分别适用不同的法律法规,在学理上将受教育权实体化与私法化;在公私合作机制的框架下,在教育行政法中完善责任主体司法惩戒的前提与标准,明确学校撤销学历学位的前提条件,在刑法中增设相应罪名,在民法中完善该行为的构成要件与举证责任;在公私合作制度的推动下,在教育行政法中明确被冒名顶替者恢复学籍的判断标准与申诉程序,在民法中将受教育权纳入“一般人格权”,适当扩大赔偿范围。从而在法律层面尽可能挽回“迟到的正义”,实现高等教育招生的矫正公平。

Abstract:

The phenomenon of impersonation has seriously impacted the bottom line of education fairness and social justice, which should be regulated and cracked down at the legislative level. On the basis of reflecting on the system involved and locating the crux in impersonation, we should comprehensively coordinate and integrate the relevant public law and private law to achieve the united whole of the legal system.Under the idea of public-private cooperation, mutatis mutandis application provisions should be added to apply different laws and regulations to impersonation admission cases with different harmfulness and severity, and the right to education is materialized into substantive private law in theory. Under the public-private cooperation mechanism, we should clarify the premise and standards of judicial punishment of the responsible subjects in educational administrative law, clarify the preconditions for schools to revoke academic degrees, add corresponding charges in criminal law, and set up the constitutive elements and burden of proof of this act in civil law. We should also develop the criteria and appeal procedure for the restoration of school status of those impersonated in the educational administrative law, and include the right to education in the “general personality right” in the civil law, and enlarge the extent of compensation by a suitable degree, so that we can save the “late justice” as much as possible at the legal level, and realize a corrective fairness in higher education enrollment.

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