The core of degree awarding activities is to judge the academic level of the degree applicants. The Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Academic Degrees and the rules of universities endow academic degree evaluation committee with the responsibility of substantive review of degree management. With the refinement of disciplines, the strengthening of professionalism and the multi-level degree evaluation mechanism, this mode of substantive review is prone to the phenomenon of layman judging expert. It is imperative to change. The degree evaluation committee should be positioned as the supervision organization of degree management, and its responsibility should shift from the micro-substantive review to the formal review of all aspects of degree management. At the same time, we should amend the relevant provisions of the regulations on academic degrees, improve the majority decision mechanism and revocation procedure mechanism in the revocation of academic degrees, and introduce the peer review mechanism in difficult cases, so as to better play the role of the degree evaluation committee.