After the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), it participated in the process of the early education modernization in China. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the CPC led the Chinese people to build a modern country, and the process of educational modernization was consistent with the social changes, which was roughly divided into the earlier 30 years and the latter 42 years. There were twists and turns in the early stage, from “learning from Russia,” to independent closed mass exploration, and then to the educational revolution deviating from modernization. For achievement, it laid the foundation for China’s socialist education cause, while for lessons learned, it lost the direction of educational modernization. After the reform and opening up, the direction of education modernization is very clear, the process is relatively smooth, showing a rising trend in stages, from education serving the modernization construction to paying attention to the modernization of education itself, and then to further enriching the connotation of education modernization, and the level of education modernization is constantly improving. The CPC has gained valuable experience in its centennial exploration of educational modernization. First, educational modernization must serve the national modernization construction; second, education modernization must attach importance to the specialization and systematic learning of education; third, opening further to the outside world is the only way to modernize education; Fourth, we should not copy the experience of other countries indiscriminately in education modernization; Fifth,in the process of educational modernization, we must hold fast to the fine traditions of Chinese culture.