The modernization of school governance is a profound change in the reform and development of schools. To understand the meaning of school modernization, it is particularly necessary to see the connection and difference between “governance” and “management.” Compared with the governance of other areas, the modernization of school governance is more comprehensive and systematic, with high requirements for equality and justice, slowly shown effectiveness, and many procedural phases. School governance modernization can be classified from different perspectives, thus presents different forms. We promote it in the new era in order to provide satisfactory education for the people, realize the goal of educating people by virtue, thus explore the “Chinese experience” of school governance and build a modern and powerful country. To realize it, we need to answer three basic questions: governance leadership, governance system modernization and governance ability modernization.