As salary is both a key incentive and a social symbol for teachers, this paper presents a quantitative analysis of the imbalanced and inadequate salary for primary and high school teachers in county areas, which is so low compared with that of the local public servants. The performance part of their pay is inadequate, and the social security insurance policy inefficient. The paper claims that the investment is more on infrastructure than on teaching team, and fair play is not implemented. On the basis of all this, the writer suggests that countermeasures be taken in the social security system for the sake of rural primary and high school teachers.