Chinese is currently being held in the divergence of binary separation and mutual unity as it inherits traditional Chinese culture. The writer claims that the relations between Chinese and traditional culture may as well be divided into several historical periods, prior to 1904 is synthesized in a mess; from 1904 to 1919 separation is witnessed; from 1920 to 1948, contradiction appears; from 1949 to 1999, instrumental displacement is completed; since 2000, automatic synthesis is conducted. In such occasion, it is reasonable to conclude that the fundamental relation between Chinese course and traditional culture is affected by the social development, which represent the need and objectives of the Chinese course. Besides, in order to promote traditional Chinese culture through the necessary differentiation of Chinese, relation between practical goals and cultural goals in Chinese should be clarified.