The popularization of education is the result of long-term sustainable development. At the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, China will enter into the stage of popularization of education in high schools. Based on the statistical data nationwide, the paper analyzes the role of secondary vocational education in promoting the popularization of high school education in China since the reform and opening-up, and horizontally analyzes the contributions of eastern, central, and western China and different provinces, with emphasis on analyzing the great role of secondary vocational education in promoting the popularization of high school education in China over the past 10 years, especially the positive contribution made by the western region under the guidance of the precise poverty alleviation policy of education.