Herbart is based on the theory of intense uselessness, and he believes that the purpose of moral education is to shape the educational order. Students should respect the authority of teachers. The moral principles should be imparted. Dewey is based on the theory of energy conversion, and he believes that the purpose of moral education is to provide freedom of education, and that emphasis should be placed on the power of teachers and students, guidance of moral behavior, and effect of self-control. This fundamental change originates from Dewey's theory of human nature change, which replaces Herbart's moral precondition of human nature that is evil.