Based on the phenomenon that there is a strong contrast of economic development level between resources-based regions and those regions poor of resources, using China's inter-provincial panel data from 1997 to 2006, the relationship between the abundant resources and economic growth and its transmit channels in the "resources curse" hypothesis of theoretical framework are analyzed empirically. The results show that : The relationship between the abundant resources and economic growth remain negatively despite controlling other variables affecting economic growth, the "resources curse" really exists in our inter-provincial level; Inhibiting the developments of the manufacturing and other technical services sectors, flight of domestic capital caused by the neglect of human capital because of the worsening invest ment environment, the neglect of nurturing human capital and supporting of technological innovation are channels to restrict the resource-based regions' economic growth.