河北师范大学学报—

期刊信息

刊名：河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）Journal of Hebei Normal University (Natural Science)
主办：河北师范大学
ISSN： 1000-5854
CN： 13-1061/N
中国科技核心期刊
中国期刊方阵入选期刊
中国高校优秀科技期刊
华北优秀期刊
河北省优秀科技期刊

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黄泛区大气降尘中的元素特征

董明明¹

孟琳¹

邢先双¹

李广杰²

蒋宁³

（1.山东省水文中心,山东济南 250002； 2.聊城市水文中心,山东聊城 252023； 3.北京师范大学地理科学学部/地表过程与水土风沙灾害风险防控全国重点实验室/防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心，北京 100875）
DOI： 10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.nse.202505011

Characterization of elements in atmospheric dust deposition in the Yellow River flood area

Dong Mingming¹，Meng Lin¹，Xing Xianshuang¹，Li Guangjie²，Jiang Ning³

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摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤风蚀引发的地表沙尘释放与输移过程是干旱半干旱区最为重要的地表过程，也是区域大气可吸入颗粒物的重要来源.基于山东省冠县清水土壤风蚀监测站半月度大气降尘连续监测数据，采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,ICP-AES）测定大气降尘中元素含量，探究区域降尘量与主要元素含量特征，判别元素富集程度，并评价降尘重金属的污染程度及潜在生态风险.结果表明：1）传统土壤风蚀期黄泛区大气降尘模数为87.53 t/(km2·a)；2） Al、Ca、Fe、Mg、Ti、P为大气降尘18种测定元素的主要组分，合计占降尘总量的10.39%，其余12种元素（As、Ba、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、S、Pb、V、Zn）总含量仅为前6种主要元素的1.45%；大气降尘元素含量具有明显的季节分异，Fe、Mn、Cr冬季含量最高，Al、Ca、Ba春季含量最高，Mg、Ti、P、S、Pb、Zn、V、Ni、Cu、As、Co、Cd秋季含量最高；3）黄泛区大气降尘中仅Mg、Ni、V、Ca以自然源输入为主，其余元素均不同程度受人为活动干扰，其中Al、Pb、Cr受人为影响尤为突出；以下9种重金属元素中，V、Co、As为轻度污染，Zn、Cd、Cu、Ni为中度污染，Pb、Cr为较高污染；4）重金属单因子污染指数（P_i）存在显著季节变化规律，自秋季至次年春季，Pb、Zn、Cu、As、Cd污染指数持续下降，Cr污染指数先上升后下降，V、Ni、Co污染指数先下降后上升；此外，秋、冬季Cd的单项潜在生态风险系数（Eⁱ_r）与9种重金属综合潜在生态风险指数（potential comprehensive ecological risk index,RI）均表明，黄泛区整体处于中等潜在生态风险.

Abstract：

The emission and transportation of surface sand and dust caused by soil wind erosion is the most important surface process in arid and semi-arid regions of China,and it is an important source of atmospheric PM in the region.Based on the semi-monthly monitoring of atmospheric dust at Qingshui soil wind erosion monitoring station in Guan County,Shandong Province,and the determination of elements in atmospheric dust by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES),this paper investigated the atmospheric dust and its major elemental contents,determined the degree of elemental enrichment of the atmospheric dust,and evaluated the pollution of heavy metal elements in atmospheric dust and the potential ecological risks.The main conclusions were as follows:1) The modulus of dust deposition in soil wind erosion season in the Yellow River flood area was 87.53 t/(km2·a).2) Al,Ca,Fe,Mg,Ti,and P were the main elements of the 18 measured elements in atmospheric dust deposition,which accounted for 10.39% of the total elemental measured content,and the remaining 12 elements (As,Ba,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,S,Pb,V,and Zn) were only 1.45% of the former.There were obvious seasonal characteristics of the element content for dust deposition.The contents of Fe,Mn,and Cr were the largest in winter; Al,Ca,and Ba arrived at the largest contents in spring; and other elements reached the largest values in autumn.3) Only Mg,Ni,V,and Ca in atmospheric dust in the Yellow River flood plain originated from natural sources,while the sources of other elements were affected by humans to varying degrees,especially Al,Pb,and Cr.Among the nine heavy metal elements,V,Co,and As belonged to low pollution degree,while Zn,Cd,Cu,and Ni belonged to medium pollution degree,and Pb and Cr belonged to high pollution degree.4) The pollution coefficients (P_i) of different heavy metal elements showed obvious seasonal characteristics.From autumn to the following spring,the values of Pi for Pb,Zn,Cu,As,and Cd gradually decreased,that for Cr increased first and then decreased,and those for V,Ni,and Co were opposite to Cr.In addition,the potential ecological risk indices of single heavy metal element (Eⁱ_r) for Cd in fall and winter and the potential comprehensive ecological risk index(RI) of nine heavy metals all showed that the potential ecological risk of the Yellow River flood area was medium.

关键词

关键词： 黄泛区；大气降尘；电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法；元素富集特征

Key words： Yellow River flood area ; atmospheric dust deposition ; ICP-AES ; element enrichment characteristics

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