Schopenhauer challenged Kant’s notion of practical reason as the foundation of morality, advocating instead that compassion is the sole motive of moral action. According to Schopenhauer, the virtues of justice, which avoids harming others, and benevolence, which seeks to alleviate the suffering of all, stem from compassion. The metaphysical basis of compassion lies in the idea that the essence of the world is a unified will, with the myriad forms and differences in space and time being mere representations of the self. Moral value is realized when individuals pierce the Veil of Māyā and see beyond the principle of individuality. Schopenhauer’s moral theory is characterized as descriptive ethics, encompassing generalized moral sentimentalism and distinct altruism. Despite its theoretical limitations, Schopenhauer’s approach to morality remains a significant and valuable ideological resource.