Pre-Qin Confucianism has the ideological tradition of making the state and the people rich and opposing polarization between the rich and the poor. Moreover, it has always been the ultimate ideal advocated by Confucian sages in China to guarantee the existential requirements of the people, improve their material living conditions, and finally achieve common prosperity.Different from Confucius and Mencius, Xunzi established the stratification principle in the distribution of interests through the structural norms of “ceremony and justice” and tried to adjust the gap between the rich and the poor through the institutional arrangements of cooperation and sharing.From the perspective of modern distribution justice, Xunzi saw the driving force and the responsibility behind wealth creation based on the “merit” principle of distribution. He also provided an open channel for the mobility of the upper and lower classes with human equality and humane care. Xunzi’s thought on common prosperity is comparatively more reasonable and feasible, so it can still provide ideological resources and practical inspiration for the current promotion of common prosperity.