Tang Poetry in Modern Style (《唐诗近体》) compiled by Hu Benyuan (胡本渊) has a clear compilation objective and a consciousness of the targeted readers. Because of its applicability, it was plagiarized soon after it came out, so it was published in the name of the plagiarizer for a long time. This book made up for the lack of modern poetry in the Three Hundred Tang Poems (《唐诗三百首》) and helped children learn poetry from modern style. Taking Du Fu (杜甫) as the center, the anthology of Tang Poetry in Modern Style established the grade level of the modern poetry in the Tang Dynasty (618AD-907AD). Its Commentary draws on various schools, especially modelling after An Anthology of Tang Poems (《唐诗别裁集》), hence this popular reading for children was upgraded to an object of academic research. The fact that Tang Poetry in Modern Style had been plagiarized helped it spread wider. The surviving editions can be divided into two systems in terms of its authorship, and in some editions what had been learned in the using process was also annotated, which could be regarded as evidence for its study and acceptance among the people, showing the vitality of this anthology. Although for a long time the contribution and reputation of the anthologist were obscured and ignored, the truth was eventually restored. The desire for further study inspired by the tortuous circumstances provides us with more dimensions for finding ways to canonize the anthology of the Tang poetry.