Liu Xiang (77BC-6BC) is an iconic figure in the intellectual circle in the late Western Han Dynasty (202BC-8BC). He is a master of the New Text Confucian classics, who is famous for his study of Guliang Chunqiu 谷梁春秋(Commentary of Guliang on Spring and Autumn Annals), and wrote Wujing Tongyi 五经通义(General Interpretation of the Five Classics) and Hongfan Wuxing Zhuanlun 洪范五行传论(Commentary of the Five Elements in Hongfan). He is also a master in cataloguing and editing ancient cultural heritage, who compiled Xinxu 新序(The New Prefaces), Shuoyuan 说苑(Garden of Stories) and Lienvzhuan 列女传(Biographies of Exemplary Women). Xinxu, Shuoyuan, Lienvzhuan, and Hongfan Wuxing Zhuanlun were all compiled in Emperor Cheng’s reign (51BC-7BC). The first three books are now in separate editions, while Hongfan Wuxing Zhuanlun is mainly kept in Treatise on the Five Elements in The Book of Han Dynasty汉书·五行志. Xinxu and Shuoyuan mainly collect and compile story pieces and dialogues between characters in ancient Confucian classics, commentaries, philosophy and history, with a few author’s comments. The author theologizes Confucian benevolence, righteousness and morality in light of the Telepathy Outlook Between Heaven and Man and the Rule of Man by the Mandate of Heaven in the New Text Confucian classics. He expounds the “monarch’s way” of revering benevolence and morality, being cautious in using punishment and war, being tolerant of inaction, honoring the virtuous and trusting the talent, and discusses “the way of the saint king,” “the doctrine of a noble character,” and “the virtue of women” in terms of personal cultivation.