Hsu Shihchang (徐世昌) is renowned as a “President of Culture and Governance” in the political arena of the Republic of China (19121949). As a member of the Imperial Academy(翰林), he devoted his life to advocating traditional culture. At the beginning of his study, he took ChengZhu Confucianism as the norm, while at the same time he venerated Sinology. After the SinoJapanese War of 18941895, although he participated in the political reform of 1898 for a short time striving to save the Chinese nation when its very existence was at stake, he was inspired by Zhang Zhidong (张之洞) during his trip to Wuchang (武昌), and hence accepted his theory of “Chinese learning for the essence and Western learning for practical use.” By the time of the Republic of China, had experienced the changes of the world, he felt that “NeoConfucianism was empty, and it didn’t help the reality.” Therefore, he studied and read intensively books by Yan Yuan (颜元16351704) and Li Gong (李塨16501733), and was deeply convinced of the YanLi School. He hoped to “change the ethos,” and “maintain the ways of the world and the heart of a human being” through advocating the Chinese learning represented by YanLi School. At the same time, after the European War (19141918), Chinese and foreign scholars reflected on the disadvantages of Western civilization. Hsu Shihchang also took part in it, advocating “harmonizing Eastern and Western civilizations” and “disseminating Eastern civilizations,” hoping to bring Chinese culture to the world. As one of the few Hsu Shihchang’s accounts in his own words, Tao Zhai Shu Xue (Learning Recounted in Tao Study 《弢斋述学》) not only enunciates his cultural view, but also embodies his idea of harmonizing the Eastern and Western civilizations.