Since 1960,Cuba has made health diplomacy a priority development area in its foreign policy, which has spurred the reform of the domestic medical system and economic development, and made great contributions to regional and even global public health governance. In the early stage of Cuba’s health diplomacy, it mainly targeted neighboring countries and socialist countries as aids country, and made a striking example of the concept of internationalism. Its scope and means began to expand gradually in the 1970s and 1980s. After the Cold War, Cuba’s health diplomacy entered a stage of deepening development, carrying out a pragmatic and diversified policy, especially after Raul Castro’s administration strengthened the economic function of health diplomacy, continuously updated the content and means of foreign medical assistance, and committed to developing a comprehensive and sustainable health plan. During the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, Cuba actively responded to the call of the World Health Organization, and vigorously carried out its health diplomacy. They gave priority to the use of medical human resources, trained aid workers in a targeted manner, rebuilt and improved the health care system of recipient countries, attaching importance to prevention, and advocating a multilateral framework for cooperation in health governance. In the past 60 years, Cuba has formed its unique health diplomacy model, which has provided experience for other countries to formulate their own international health strategies. It is also of reference for the development of China’s health diplomacy.