Die geistige Situation der Zeit, an early work of German philosopher Karl Jaspers, is a small book worthy of attention. Jaspers changed from a practitioner and a researcher in psychiatry in the beginning to a professor of psychology and then to a professor of philosophy. This book marks the turning point of his academic career to the existential philosophy (Existenzphilosophie), and has key value in the transformation of his academic career. He was dissatisfied with the method used by psychiatrists to study mental diseases with empirical scientific attitude in his early years, and thought that the empirical method was based on Cartesian dualism of mind and matter philosophy, which hindered the attempt to establish holistic psychopathology of the whole person. It is worth noting that this book was written in the early 1930s, just after Germany's defeat in World War I, in the era of the Great Depression of the World Economy and the rise of Nazis in power, and the whole society was filled with turbulence and anxiety. It can be regarded as Jaspers' extensive and in-depth observation and reflection and also as a psychopathological diagnosis of the German society at that time from the dual perspectives of psychiatry and philosophy, which has the significance of social psychology or mass psychology. This book explains the significance of existential philosophy and outlines its content and development direction. Finally, he thinks that caring about what will happen in the future is helpful for contemplative prediction of existential philosophy and active planning of transcendence.