Amid intense social transition in modern China, Kang Youwei had been well nurtured by traditional Chinese culture, and also gradually influenced by European and American thoughts. In order to alleviate national calamity and sufferings of the people, he constructed a new classics system of Confucianism based on his review and rectification of the traditional system of classics. The core of the new system is The Spring and Autumn Annals, with The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, The Book of Mencius and The Conveyance of Rites (Liyun) chapter in The Book of Rites as the principal components. The key ideas of Kang Youwei's new system include Evolutionism of SanShi (Three Eras) and Institutional Reform Based on Historical Pretext, with such essential tenets as theory of contract, conception of equality, theory of civil rights, parliamentarism and two-party system. Aiming at the ideal society of Great Harmony, the new classics system seeks to find a foothold in the new political situation for Confucian classics which have been the basis for the legitimacy of traditional politics, and thereby promote modern transition and development of the traditional study of Confucian classics and Confucianism.