The ancient Chinese mythology is a typical representation of the primitive theocentric ideological, and also the antithesis of the ideological enlightenment of the "awakening of man" in the Zhou Dynasty. However, the current ideological history almost ignores this topic. The ancient mythology is a myth system composed of Creation myths, historical myths, heroic myths and Totem myths. Among them, historical myths are the main body of ancient mythology, which are myths about the historical figures of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors. In these legends, Suiren-shi is said to be the ancestor of the mysterious cooked food civilization; Fuxi-shi, "with a snake body and human head," the ancestor of the fishing and hunting civilization; Shennong-shi, "with a combination of human and dragon face," the ancestor of the farming civilization; the Yellow Emperor, a genius inventor, was both human and divine; Zhuanxu, a religious reformer, separated the people from the gods and restored the power of the gods; Ku was a mysterious emperor of extraordinary benevolence; Yao, a holy king with eight-color eyebrows and a mind like God; Shun, a son of heaven with double pupils in both eyes, received help from Gods many times. Regarding ancient mythology, there were different records in later writings, which need to be comprehensively weighed and carefully screened on the basis of wide selection, and a logical and self-consistent empirical study on the system structure of ancient mythology can fully reveal the ideological significance of ancient myths that all things have spirit and gods are supreme.