Since the mid-Tang dynasty, the political patterns of East Asia change from separatist regimes to diversified governance in ancient China marked by Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. China is unified in Song dynasty, but nomad forces gradually grow to be what is the northern regime by mid and later of the 9th century. The political communications between the various ethnic regimes lead to a transformation of traditional China from the concept of geography to that of ritual education. China has changed from plural to singular governance like Tang and Yuan.